The Four Basic Fundamental Haircuts

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While there are many different styles of haircuts, there are basic fundamentals that are used to create them. Here are the four basic fundamental haircuts, as well as what tools are needed to accomplish them, and how much they generally cost, and where to find these tools.

For all four haircuts, you will need haircutting shears, haircutting comb, hair clips, and a water spray bottle. Licensed professionals can purchase these tools at their local beauty supply warehouse such as; CosmoProf, Salon Centric. Non-licensed consumers can purchase these same tools at Sally Beauty Supply.

To give you an idea of what each of these tools would generally cost:
Haircutting shears- anywhere from $100-$800
Haircutting combs- $1.50-$3
Hair clips- $5-$10
Water spray bottle-$5

                                                                                                                                                         The 0 degree "Bob"

The 0 degree haircut is also known as the "Blunt" or "Bob" haircut. To begin the haircut, you would want to section the hair out into four different sections, using your hair clips. Next, you would create a guide section by combing an area by the neck straight down and cutting it bluntly across. The blunt cut should be parallel to the floor. Next, you will go back and forth between the sections on either side to continue matching your guide section until the hair is cut all the way around.

                                                                                                                                                       The 45 Degree "Wedge"

 The 45 degree is a haircut, which is also known as the "wedge," or a “bob”. It’s finished look has a more triangular shape than the 0 degree, with graduated edges. The movement of this cut falls diagonally from the back to the front, with a heavy weight line along the perimeter of the cut. Remember to keep your cutting lines parallel to your hand and body positioning , as well as keep your sections clear. It’s very important to start with a clean foundation to create a good guideline for the rest of the cut.
Section the hair into seven different sections, and then cut small guides to mark the desired length. Be sure to measure the sides against each other to ensure that they are even. Then, start cutting the front sections before moving around to the back. The sectioned off hair should be cut using a 45 degree elevation, and it’s a good idea to go back and forth between the sides to make sure that things are even as you go. Once all the hair sections are cut, be sure to cross check all the way around. It’s normal for a few pieces to be missed here and there the first time around, but be sure and trim them as they make themselves obvious.

                                                                                                                                                        The 90 Degree "Layered"

The 90 degree haircut is also known as the "Layered” haircut. The layers in the hair must be perfectly placed to create the proper movement, which is why this is considered one of the more complex haircuts. To start the 90 degree, you will want to separate the hair into five sections. When you go to cut the hair, you will hold each section out at 90 degrees to the head and cut. When the hair is placed back down, the angle will have created some layering as it was trimmed. Try creating a guide for each section of hair to ensure that you’re cutting evenly, and always match up the pieces on either side to make sure that the left and right will match.

                                                                                                                                                     The 180 Degree "Shag"

The 180 degree haircut is also known as the "Shag,” or the reverse elevation. The shag is generally reserved for longer hair, whereas the rest of the cuts on the list can be used on any hair. Start by sectioning off the hair into five sections. When you’re ready to cut each section, you can comb the hair straight up and then cut the hair straight across. Continue to take horizontal pairings and combing them up to meet the stationary guidelines. Always establish the length for the client before continuing all the way around the head.

And, there you have it! You have conquered the four basic fundamental haircuts!
 
Typically, an average haircut costs around $40 for women, and $28 for men. This also depends on your geographical location of course!